What is considered a "just war" in military ethics?

A "just war" in military ethics refers to a conflict that satisfies specific moral and legal criteria, often summarized by the principles of just cause, proportionality, and legitimacy. The concept seeks to ensure that war is waged for reasons that are deemed morally and ethically acceptable, such as self-defense or the protection of human rights. Thus, a just war involves an ethical framework that justifies the reasons for going to war.

This approach emphasizes the importance of having a legitimate reason to engage in armed conflict. Just cause suggests that there must be a significant and valid reason for going to war, rather than motivations rooted in personal gain or aggression. The acknowledgment of these criteria helps to ensure that military actions can be held accountable and that they align with moral norms.

In contrast, engaging in warfare for personal gain or without consideration of moral principles does not fall within the just war theory. Similarly, the use of overwhelming force or a conflict without casualties does not address the ethical justifications needed to classify a war as "just." These other options lack the moral and ethical considerations inherent in the concept of a just war, which emphasize the necessity of just cause among other criteria.